Renal Medullary Hypoxia: A New Therapeutic Target for Septic Acute Kidney Injury?

Abstract

Summary: Renal tissue hypoxia has been implicated as a critical mediatory factor in multiple forms of acute kidney injury (AKI), including in sepsis. In sepsis, whole-kidney measures of macrocirculatory flow and oxygen delivery appear to be poor predictors of microcirculatory abnormalities. Studies in experimental hyperdynamic septic AKI have shown that the renal medulla is particularly susceptible to hypoxia early in sepsis, even in the presence of increased global renal blood flow and oxygen delivery. It has been proposed that an early onset of progressive renal medullary hypoxia, leading to oxidative stress and inflammation, can initiate a downward spiral of cellular injury culminating in..